THE EFFECTS OF COVID- 19 LOCKDOWN AND GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE AMONG WOMEN AND GIRLS: A CASE OF KIBRA INFORMAL SETTLEMENT, LANGATA CONSTITUENCY, NAIROBI CITY COUNTY, KENYA.

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study delves into the surge in Gender-Based Violence (GBV) that emerged during the COVID-19 lockdown in Kibra Informal Settlement, Nairobi, Kenya. Our primary aim was to gain a deeper understanding of how the lockdown has impacted this community, particularly in terms of GBV. The research objectives guiding our study were threefold. Firstly, we sought to determine the prevalence of Gender-Based Violence within Kibra Informal Settlement since the enforcement of lockdown restrictions. Secondly, we aimed to uncover the unique experiences of Kibra residents during the COVID-19 lockdown, shedding light on the challenges they faced. Lastly, our research aimed to contribute to the discourse on addressing and controlling Gender-Based Violence during national or global emergency situations, such as pandemics. To achieve these objectives, our study was grounded in the systems theory of violence, ecological theory of GBV, and sub-culture of violence theory. We employed a mixed-methods approach involving surveys and interviews, engaging with a diverse group of 400 residents, including adult women with GBV experiences and minors with proper consent. Our findings revealed a concerning 70% prevalence of GBV, exacerbated by economic hardship stemming from widespread job loss. Additionally, mental health issues surfaced, with 70.5% of participants reporting symptoms of depression and anxiety. Remarkably, 95.25% identified as GBV victims, underscoring the vulnerability of individuals during crises. In response, our recommendations emphasize the urgent need for targeted interventions, including the establishment of community support systems, economic empowerment initiatives, enhanced mental health services, gender-inclusive GBV prevention strategies, and improved data collection practices. Crucially, we emphasize the necessity of multi-sectoral collaboration for the effective implementation of these interventions, especially in the context of national or global emergencies like pandemics.